Explanation
Control density describes how closely certain groups or spaces are surveilled by law enforcement. Areas with high police presence or frequent checks often show elevated crime rates in official statistics, not necessarily because more crimes occur, but because more offenses are detected. This creates biases in crime statistics and contributes to selective criminalization.
Theoretical Reference
The concept is linked to labeling theory and critical criminology, which emphasize the selective application of law. It also ties into research on social disorganization.