Explanation
The concept was developed by Theodor W. Adorno and colleagues in the study The Authoritarian Personality (1950). The research aimed to explain why some individuals are particularly susceptible to fascist ideologies, antisemitism, and authoritarian political movements.
According to Adorno, authoritarian personalities tend to idealize authority figures while simultaneously directing aggression toward marginalized groups. The theory links authoritarian attitudes to rigid forms of socialization, strict family structures, and suppressed emotional conflicts.
The concept became highly influential in political sociology, social psychology, and studies of extremism. Although parts of the original methodology were later criticized, the theory continues to shape research on right-wing populism, prejudice, radicalization, and authoritarianism.
In criminology, the concept is relevant for discussions about punitive attitudes, police culture, moral panics, and support for harsh forms of social control.
Theoretical Reference
Critical Theory, Political Sociology, Social Psychology