Sociology & Criminology for a Changing World
Functionalism (and its structural-functional variant) understands society as a structured system of functionally interconnected elements that contribute to the maintenance of social order. Institutions, roles, and norms are not primarily explained by individual motives or situational meanings, but by the functions they fulfill for stability, integration, and the coordination of action. At the center lies
At first glance, children’s television appears harmless: colorful characters, simple narratives, clear conflicts. From a sociological perspective, however, children’s TV series are anything but trivial. They construct model worlds in which children learn what is considered “normal” – which family forms, occupations, conflicts, gender roles, and forms of authority are taken for granted. Children’s series
What we eat, when, how, and with whom – these are not purely personal decisions. The sociology of food reveals that eating is a deeply social practice. It signifies belonging, marks differences, reflects power relations, and has become increasingly moralized. Between everyday routines and global food systems, a complex field of research unfolds, offering insights
Gender Trouble (1990) by Judith Butler is one of the most influential works in gender studies and queer theory. Butler breaks with traditional assumptions about sex and identity, deconstructs binary gender orders, and shows that gender is not “natural” but socially produced—performative and repeatable. The book has fundamentally shaped feminist theory and the social sciences.
Homo Sociologicus. An Essay on the History, Meaning, and Critique of the Category of Social Role [Original: Homo Sociologicus. Ein Versuch zur Geschichte, Bedeutung und Kritik der Kategorie der sozialen Rolle] is one of the most concise and widely discussed contributions to role theory. First published in 1958 and revised in 1977, Ralf Dahrendorf’s essay
The Civilizing Process by Norbert Elias is one of the most influential and enduring contributions to 20th-century sociology. Published in 1939, the work traces the historical conditions and social mechanisms through which a specifically modern habitus and an increased level of self-control emerged over centuries. For Elias, the civilizing process is not evidence of moral