Explanation
Social problems are societal issues—such as poverty, crime, inequality, or discrimination—that affect large numbers of people and are widely perceived as requiring action or reform. They are socially constructed, meaning their recognition and framing depend on cultural values, political interests, and media influence. Criminology often intersects with the study of social problems by analyzing how behaviors become labeled as deviant or criminal.
Theoretical Reference
Social constructionist perspectives (e.g., labelling theory) and conflict theories are central to understanding how certain issues are defined as social problems, while others are ignored.