Explanation
Abolitionism in criminology and social movements refers to the effort to eliminate prisons, policing, and punitive justice systems, replacing them with transformative and restorative alternatives. Unlike reformist approaches that aim to improve existing systems, abolitionism calls for dismantling them altogether, arguing that they are inherently violent, discriminatory, and incapable of delivering true justice.
Modern prison abolitionists emphasize the role of social inequalities, systemic racism, and economic marginalization in shaping who is criminalized and punished. They advocate for investments in community resources, education, health care, and conflict resolution practices that address harm without relying on incarceration or coercive state control.
Theoretical Reference
Abolitionist theories draw on critical criminology, race theory, and feminist perspectives to critique the carceral state and its social functions. Influential scholars like Angela Davis and Thomas Mathiesen argue that prisons perpetuate social hierarchies and structural violence, and that real safety can only be achieved by addressing root causes of harm. Abolitionism also intersects with restorative justice and transformative justice practices that center healing and accountability outside state punishment systems.