Explanation
Social cohesion describes the degree of connectedness, solidarity, and trust among members of a society or community. Cohesive societies are characterized by shared norms, social integration, mutual support, and relatively stable social relationships.
High levels of social cohesion are often associated with:
- strong community ties,
- collective responsibility,
- social trust,
- lower levels of conflict,
- and effective informal social control.
In criminology, social cohesion is considered an important protective factor against crime and disorder. Weak social cohesion may contribute to social disorganization, isolation, distrust, and declining community control.
Debates about social cohesion are especially important in discussions of urban inequality, migration, exclusion, and neighborhood change.
Theoretical Reference
Social cohesion is associated with Durkheim, social integration theory, collective efficacy research, urban sociology, and theories of social capital.