Sociology & Criminology for a Changing World
Deterrence theories conceptualize crime as the result of rational decision-making, where the anticipated costs of punishment are weighed against the potential benefits of offending. Punishment is understood not merely as retribution but as a calculated instrument to prevent crime by shaping individual choice. Key Points Deterrence theories Main Proponents: Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham, Franz von
Classical criminology explains crime as the outcome of rational choices made by free and responsible individuals, emphasizing deterrence, proportionality, and legal equality. Key Points Classical Criminology Main Proponents: Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham, John Howard, Samuel Romilly, John Anselm von Feuerbach, Sir Robert Peel, Samuel Pufendorf First Published: Mid to late 18th century Country: Italy,
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